What Affects Female Fertility? The Top 10 Factors Every Woman Should Know
A complex mix of biological, lifestyle, and environmental influences shapes female fertility. Understanding these factors early empowers women to make informed decisions, seek timely medical support, and improve their chances of conception — whether naturally or through assisted reproductive technologies (ART).
At Medical Art Center (MART) in Lagos, Nigeria, we help women navigate these challenges with expert diagnostics, advanced fertility treatments, and individualized care.
The Factors Affecting Female Fertility
1. Age
Age remains one of the strongest predictors of fertility. Women are born with a fixed number of eggs, and this supply declines gradually, then rapidly, after the ages of 35–37.
As egg quantity reduces, egg quality and genetic integrity also decline, increasing the risk of infertility and miscarriage.
How Medical Art Center helps:
Egg freezing, IVF with advanced lab technology, and genetic screening (PGT) offer women the opportunity to preserve fertility or improve their chances of a healthy pregnancy.
2. Hormonal Balance
Hormones such as FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone regulate ovulation and the menstrual cycle. When these hormones are imbalanced, conception becomes difficult.
How we help:
Comprehensive hormone testing, medication protocols, and personalized treatment plans designed to restore normal reproductive function.
3. Egg Quality
Healthy, mature eggs are essential for successful fertilization. Egg quality declines due to age, genetics, and environmental factors.
Solutions available:
Lifestyle optimization, targeted fertility medications, antioxidant therapy, and ART procedures that support egg maturation and embryo development.
4. Uterine Health
A healthy uterus provides the ideal environment for embryo implantation and growth. Conditions such as fibroids, polyps, and endometriosis can interfere with pregnancy.
Our approach:
Ultrasound imaging, hysteroscopy, laparoscopic treatment, and fertility-focused management of uterine disorders.
5. Fallopian Tube Function
The fallopian tubes are where fertilization naturally occurs. If blocked or damaged, the sperm and egg cannot meet.
How we support you:
We offer diagnostic tests such as HSG, and when necessary, IVF, which bypasses tubal problems entirely.
6. Weight and Nutrition
Being underweight or overweight disrupts hormonal balance and ovulation. Poor nutrition can also reduce egg quality and overall reproductive health.
Our support includes:
Personalized nutrition plans, metabolic assessments, and medical guidance to help your body reach its optimal state for conception.
7. Stress
Chronic stress affects hormone production and can interfere with ovulation and menstrual regularity. Emotional pressure is a silent factor in many fertility struggles.
Recommended strategies:
Lifestyle counseling, stress-reduction techniques, mind-body therapy, and supportive care throughout your treatment journey.
8. Environmental Toxins
Exposure to chemicals, pollutants, and endocrine disruptors (found in plastics, pesticides, etc.) may affect hormonal signaling and egg quality.
What helps:
Detoxification, lifestyle adjustments, nutritional support, and minimizing exposure to harmful substances.
9. Medical Conditions (PCOS, Endometriosis)
Conditions like Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis are leading causes of infertility. They can affect ovulation, disrupt hormone balance, and damage reproductive organs.
Expert solutions at Medical Art Center include:
Cycle regulation, minimally invasive treatments, IVF, and individualized medication plans to manage symptoms and enhance fertility.
10. Genetic Factors
Genetic traits passed from parents can influence egg quality, ovarian function, or predisposition to certain reproductive conditions.
Our recommendation:
Genetic screening, fertility consultations, and early evaluation for women with family histories of reproductive issues.
Conclusion
Many interconnected factors influence female fertility — but today, most challenges can be diagnosed, managed, and treated effectively.
At Medical Art Center, we offer comprehensive fertility evaluations, advanced reproductive technologies, and highly personalized care to support every woman on her journey to motherhood.
If you are experiencing fertility difficulties or want to understand your reproductive health better, schedule a consultation with our specialists today.
